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Around SBN: The Gift Of The 2003 Tigers

What will the Great Recession mean for baseball?

While I was still a college senior, trying desperately to procrastinate out on things like "finding a job" or "finishing my thesis," my RSS feeds were constantly cleared of unread items.  Then, I graduated and stopped spending the majority of my day in front of my laptop (school starts back up again in August...can't wait).  My RSS feeds filled up with thousands of unread articles. Then Tommy Bennett somehow convinced me via Twitter that Google Reader was something worthwhile.  Since signing up for Google Reader, my RSS feeds are constantly cleared and the slew of econ blogs, baseball blogs, and random assortment of other information that I chose to digest daily.

My internet reading habits are not the point of this story.  Nor is the assortment of products that Google is using to slowly sink its hooks into every facet of my life.  The point is that in reading all of this relevant news/commentary daily has started my creative juices flowing again (i.e. subjects from one area of my interests are having dots connected to other facets of my life).

Star-divide

I've read several articles in the last few days from several sources that were written from several perspectives about the labor market after the Great Recession runs its course.  The point has been relatively the same (argued from differing views on the political spectrum...of course): the return to full employment will be slow because there will need to be a fundamental shift in the labor market in order to attain full employment again.  Articles have speculated as to which fields, technologies, business practices, and policies could/would/should facilitate this, but they have all been in agreement that there will be a lot of change.

At this point, you, the reader, may be wondering why you've been forced to read reading through three paragraphs of my ramblings.  The short answer is that I once convinced someone at SBN to give me a soapbox. The longer answer is that reading about truly important matters (national unemployment and jobless recovery) made me think about baseball (I cannot even begin to recount the number of truly weighty subjects I have bastardized into baseball thoughts).

The common thread of all the reading has been that there will be a massive reorganization that has to take place (i.e. that labor market has to develop new skills, mobility, etc., and that businesses will have to abandon inefficient, and in some instances, archaic, management solutions).  What made me jump from a potential decade of slow growth and static-unemployment to baseball was the fact that the effective cost of WAR has decreased to $3.5 million this offseason.  

Coming out of 2008, WAR was valued around $4.5 million, I believe it dipped $4.1 million in 2009, and now we're down to $3.5 million.  That's a staggering drop.  However, that drop doesn't mean a whole lot because baseball teams don't get to reduce payroll for profit margins like most businesses (coincidentally, I just described Scott Boras' nightmare).  The Yankees don't get to tell A-Rod that his $30 million a year is being reduced by 20% to readjusted for the change in $/WAR.

What we have seen this offseason is that the bloat is falling out of most free agent contracts (Lackey, Bay, and Holliday's contracts not withstanding).  There seems to be a reluctance to pay for only marginal talent that could possibly reflect a genuine adoption of some of the more saber-slanted principles (Brandon Lyon's contract not withstanding).  On the other hand, it could also just reflect penny-pinching, and not a rational bent with a clear focus on the marginal cost for an added win that a player can bring above that of a freely available replacement.  Whether the decrease in the cost of WAR is a rational reaction to the economic times, or purely reactionary measures, it seems clear that there is definite shift in baseball's labor market that is taking place.  

The unclear aspect is not just what is driving the shift, though.

So, the question(s) that I'd like to discuss is what effect, if any, will the Great Recession have on the labor market for baseball players in the next decade? Will these lean times affect enough free agent classes to blot out the excesses of the previous decade? In order to succeed with less, where will savvy teams go to find bargains? And will saber-principles/evaluations drive them? Or, as clack as posited here before, will there be a surplus of player's with skill-sets that aren't saber-ideal and therefore cheap value?  Will teams continue to pay a premium for top-teir draft picks and international free agent? Or will the high-risk/high-reward value of these players fail as their employers become more and more risk adverse?

I don't know where to begin in answering these questions.  My gut feeling is that the Great Recession will likely mark a permanent drop in the effective cost of WAR, but I can't say what will drive it.  Perhaps it doesn't even matter. After all, it's a Tuesday afternoon, baseball games start up in a few days, and it's raining down in Florida.  So what else is there to do but discuss all of these questions?

Also, feel free to answer/discuss any question I didn't directly ask.

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My previous comment (or musing really) about the possible benefits of pursuing non-sabermetric players was more focused on changing trends in preferences among teams, and no so much recessionary conditions. I am thinking along the lines of contrarian investing, to use a stock market concept. If the conventional trend follows sabermetric orthodoxy, then the trend may lead to overpricing the sabermetric darlings among free agents and underpricing the players with sabermetric flaws.

Perhaps the large bonuses paid to amateurs could indicate a similar mispricing for those players. That may or may not be the case—but the conventional trend seems to favor a unwavering belief in the benefits of spending lots of money on that side of the organization. There has to be a limit to the cost-effectiveness of that strategy though. Last year we often heard that teams were less likely than ever to part with minor league prospects in return for major league veterans. I could easily see that trend going too far—-and at some point, a team will take advantage of it, getting really good players in return for a few prospects. That’s all just food for thought. And maybe the cycle changes and teams are back to “there’s no such thing as a pitching prospect.”

My inclination is to think that the current decline in free agent salaries, as you’ve laid out, is cyclical, rather than permanent. (After the excessive free agent spending in the 2000 – 2001 era, baseball free agent salaries went through a down period for several years.) Salaries may remain depressed for a few years, but I would expect a return to rapidly rising free agent salaries at some point. As the economy gradually rebounds, I think baseball revenues will increase along with salaries. That’s my best guess.

by clack on Mar 2, 2010 12:55 PM CST reply actions  

Some repsonses

I didn’t mean to imply that your musing was based on recessionary justifications, but to imply that this could be useful avenue for teams who may be learning to be leaner in the future. I think that front offices, especially in the Bloomberg era, may try to hard to find saber players as a way to get more bang for their buck, and the smart money kind find the saber-flawed players on the cheap, as you suggest.

In terms of its long term effects, I believe that increased savings rates, persistent unemployment, and general shifts in the labor market will lead to persistently depressed revenue streams for franchises. The ancillary effect will see either franchises invest greater percentages in players/prospects/development and accept thinner profit margins, or reduce in these areas. I feel like the latter is the more likely outcome, and that because this process could continue for several years, there will be an entire “generation” of players with decreased expectations for salaries.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Mar 2, 2010 1:30 PM CST via mobile up reply actions  

whatever the structural problems in the economy, that issue may pale in comparison to how baseball handles media technology issues. MLB was smart in its early adoption of advanced media business models. The accelerated pace of technological change in entertainment media, and how sports industries adapt to it, will be critical to their future earnings, IMO. Do they align themselves with cable, telecom, or satellite providers? or do they moving in the direction of using wireless internet? etc. And those are just examples…someone who is more expert in this area probably can come up with better illustrations. That’s a long way of getting around to the idea that baseball’s revenue potential may depend on technology.

by clack on Mar 2, 2010 2:06 PM CST up reply actions  

I believe the big players will get their money, CC Sabathia and Mark Teixeira both got their big money contracts. Joe Mauer’s free agency this upcoming off season looks to be big money, unless he decides to stay in Minnesota at a discount. Matt Holiday essentially got his contract when no one besides St. Louis was bidding for his services.

That leaves a player like Johnny Damon, Jose Valverde, Miguel Tejada, taking the significant pay cuts, and guys like Jermaine Dye still looking for a job. If anything I could see a reverse trend next year where guys will sign early and possibly for less money just to have a job.

by Timothy De Block on Mar 2, 2010 1:54 PM CST reply actions  

Great points, both of you

I can see both DQ and clack’s arguments happening. With the recession, the great revenue stream pouring into team coffers has lessened. Teams that have a more analytical bent may choose to use this opportunity to roll back player costs, save money in free agency and better evaluate player’s worth. Teams that are more business-conscious may roll back spending to combat the loss of money by not spending on over-priced, overaged free agents.
The combination of those two means that prices will be repressed for a while. However, once the economy turns around, the teams who follow more traditional baseball approaches will still spend 5 million on old players while those analytical teams may stay away. In essence, both outlooks will combine to keep the other’s price point down. At least, that’s my non-economically trained theory.

by David Coleman on Mar 2, 2010 2:00 PM CST reply actions  

Sorry I got you hooked on Google Reader!

I like Shawn Hoffman’s answer to this question, which is essentially that salaries will bounce back in the winter of 2011-2012.

by Tommy Bennett on Mar 2, 2010 11:53 PM CST reply actions  

But

That’s past relationship and consumption multipliers have shifted. My feeling is that the way we consume baseball is going to change, and through team’s revenue streams. Not that Hoffman doesn’t make a convincing argument.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Mar 3, 2010 8:55 AM CST via mobile up reply actions  

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