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Felipe Paulino and the Astros: To start or not to start?

I don't think that there was another player who caused such a disconnect between how we here at TCB viewed the player and how the Astros front office viewed/handled the player last season than Felipe Paulino.  I can remember pacing about on a hot summer's eve chain-smoking my way through the frustration of the knowledge that six-man rotation would eventually squeeze out Paulino, and not Russ Ortiz or Brian Moehler (sadly, it's moments like that make me miss smoking).  The comments at the time expressed the same level of confusion to why the Astros weren't allowing this very talented pitcher to take his lumps at the big league level.

Thankfully, for us, Mike Hampton's shoulder flamed out and Paulino was given another attempt at the big league level. Unfortunately, Paulino continued his less than consistent way during that stretch, providing both glimmers of hope and, well, glimmers of the opposite.

The story remains the same for this endeavor: Harry Pavlidus provided the pitch/fx data and I'll try to divine what it can or can't tell us about Felipe Paulino's potential in 2010.  Hopefully we can get a true sense of just how much we should vilify the Astros if Moehler get's the fifth starter nod and Paulino get's relegated to the bullpen.

Star-divide

The wise place to start is Paulino's stuff.  PF_X is the horizontal movement of a pitch, with a negative number implying that the ball was x inches in on a RHB from the center of the strike zone when it crossed the front of the plate.  PF_Z is the vertical movement of a pitch, with a negative number implying that the ball was x inches below the center of the strike zone when it crossed the front of the plate.

Type # vs LHH vs RHH MPH PFX_X PFX_Z
Change 107 77 30 86.8 -4.1 7.5
Curve 96 64 32 76.5 0.6 -4.0
Fastball 1120 516 604 96.1 -5.7 9.9
Slider 564 230 334 87.0 -0.4 0.0

There are a few things to like, right off the bat.  Paulino's curve ball is of the 12-6 variety as there is hardly any actual horizontal break, and, relative to his fastball, the movement is still focused on a vertical change.  Aside from the amount of "hump" that is present on a curveball, relative to a fastball, being a 12-6 curve is the second most important indicator of a successful curve.  Of course, it's also his least utilized pitch, but we'll dig deeper on that subject in a moment.

Then there's his slider.  Appealing, again, to the anatomy of a pitch series, the key to a slider is in the horizontal component. Paulino's slider tighter than we'd hope for, but, its still a pitch that has the horizontal component that is necessary.

Finally, there's his change-up.  The first thing to admire is that there is a near 10MPH gap between his fastball and his change-up. In terms of a pitch to utilize for southpaw, it remains a fairly effective pitch in terms of horizontal movement, but the minute drop in vertical movement, relative to his fastball, leaves it very mash-able. The most important correlate of a change-up is release point (i.e. how well it's masked), but we don't have that data to analyze.

In terms of Paulino's stuff, these numbers suggest that his best pitches probably go something like:

  1. Fastball
  2. Curveball
  3. Slider
  4. Change-up
But, we can get some better quantifications of each pitch:

cfx # MPH Swing Whiff Foul B:CS IWZ Chase Watch nkSLG GB% FB% PU% LD% HR/FL% rv100 rv100E
Change 107 86.8 0.4953 0.415 0.226 5.8 0.495 0.241 0.245 1.053 42% 21% 0% 37% 18% 6.08 2.47
Curve 96 76.5 0.3646 0.257 0.286 2.1 0.448 0.283 0.535 0.875 31% 31% 0% 38% 9% 5.12 2.57
Fastball 1120 96.1 0.4455 0.162 0.385 2.2 0.545 0.218 0.346 0.655 41% 33% 9% 17% 11% 1.76 0.31
Slider 564 87.0 0.4202 0.447 0.241 1.8 0.500 0.326 0.486 0.595 51% 32% 1% 15% 17% -1.58 -1.70
1887 91.9 0.4367 0.265 0.329 2.1 0.524 0.257 0.389 0.675 43% 32% 6% 19% 13% 1.18 -0.05

 

And so it seems that I ranked the pitches incorrectly, according to rv100e (if you are unfamiliar with Harry's metrics, click here for definitions).  How it actually goes is (I was way off):

  1. Slider
  2. Fastball
  3. Change-up
  4. Curveball
His slider is a sterling, whiff-weak contact-ground ball-inducing monster—apparently.  That is why it's his only above average pitch in his repertoire. It's kind of the anti-Paulino change-up.  The Paulino change-up apparently just needs to be phased out of existence before it's 37% LD%, over 1 .000 nkSLG give Astros fans an aneurysm. One has to assume/hope, though, that those gaudy numbers will come down due nothing more than regression to the mean...right? The same with his curveball, too—hopefully.

With a fairly complete understanding of what Paulino is working with, let's take a look at what Paulino got when utilized his stuff in 2009 (this is honestly the best I could make the graph viewable, my apologies for the fail).


Screen_shot_2010-01-31_at_11

The graph above is the percentage Paulino utilized each pitch per start, plotted with his game score from that start in navy blue (I changed the game score numbers to percentages to making charting easier).  In this view, I don't really see a distinct pattern forming.  I oscillate between wanting to say that in starts where he uses his curveball less he's more successful, or the same if he uses his change-up less, but it's more complex than either of those failed observations.

Let's take a look at how Paulino mixes his pitch's by situation, not by start.  First against RHB:

Screen_shot_2010-01-31_at_2

Then against LHB:

Screen_shot_2010-01-31_at_11

These charts, I think, reveal a little bit more about what might be felling Paulino.  Consider his rather extreme platoon split, and then splice that with our empirical knowledge of his off speed offerings (besides his slider).  Indeed, of he his truly dismal starts in 2009 (defined, by me, as a game score lower than 40), three of the five came against line-ups in which the starters were predominantly LHB or switch hitters.

Yes, it's true that I'm citing a very small sample size here, but I think it's a powerful enough insight, nonetheless. What I glean from this is that Paulino really took his lumps against LHB because he had to use pitches that clearly aren't good.  Sure, there are aspects of the pitches that indicate they could become solid pitches and give Paulino the ability to perform well enough against a line-up dominated by southpaws, but for the present, it doesn't appear that Paulino has it quite yet.

So what should be taken away from this? Well, I think the answer to the title of this post is: start him.  But I think there's more to the answer than that. Start him, but don't be afraid to utilize Brian Moehler against at team that can stack their line-up full of lefties.  The man had a reverse platoon split in 2009 and spot-starting is pretty much his only real utility, so it's a perfect combination.  For the sake of the 2010 season, there's no reason not to try and minimize Paulino's deficiencies while leaning on the few strengths that Moehler has to offer.

The final caveat I'll treat you to is that when we're considering the efficacy of Paulino's breaking stuff, let's also not forget that Paulino was coming of a 2008 season that saw him rehabbing a nerve injury.  Perhaps, then, there's reason to be optimistic that his off-speed stuff will improve has his proprioception does as well.  This is not the most likely scenario given that Paulino struggled down the stretch as much as he did in other parts of the season, but still something to churn over in the back of one's mind.

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Very nice breakdown

I find it hard to believe that his off-speed stuff is going to maintain that high of a line drive rate, but it’s more worrying than if I saw that same number on his fastball. Maybe that’s part of the reason they moved him to the ’pen last year.

Still, on a subjective level, I really liked what I saw from his breaking ball. It seemed to have a good amount of vertical movement and a good difference in speed from his fastball.

My hope is that Arnsberg can help Paulino really polish up his pitches this season.

by OremLK on Feb 1, 2010 9:45 AM CST reply actions   0 recs

Were you able to see pitch location at all? I’d be interested to see if he has problems locating the breaking pitches to lefties.

Excellent read.

by David Coleman on Feb 1, 2010 9:46 AM CST reply actions   0 recs

The way it worked

Is that I just asked Harry for some data on Paulino, so I took what he gave me. I imagine location and “the hump” is probably what’s really killing him, though.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Feb 1, 2010 9:56 AM CST via mobile up reply actions   0 recs

Breaking it down

Man, you guys have really got this down to a science, in fact, I thought I was back in a science class for a minute there, instead of baseball. It kind of makes my observation of him last year “I saw him pitch a couple of times & he kinda sucked” seem REALLY pale by comparison. But what I got out of your data, is that he (or whoever was calling the pitches) doesn’t seem to have much confidence in his breaking stuff. Of course the reason, obviously, that’s kind of a problem is that if the hitters realize that, then they’re just gonna sit on the fast ball. But props to you guys for bringing nuclear physics to baseball.

by titansfan4ever on Feb 1, 2010 10:18 AM CST reply actions   0 recs

That's really not it

The point is that his breaking stuff was crushed, except for his slider. But when he was facing lefties, his FB/slider combo that uses against RHB is abandoned and the curve/change-up are brought out and they get hammered. It’s not a sequencing issue, it’s that he’s either tipping the pitches or they’re terrible. I argue that it’s probably an issue with the pitches being tipped, either the his release point or just the hump in his curve.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Feb 1, 2010 12:36 PM CST via mobile up reply actions   0 recs

With all due respect to Mr. Paulino...

his era was 6.27 last year…sooooo…there’s no way he makes our rotation. Maybe middle relief…if…he gets his issues ironed out. If not….NEXT!!

by titansfan4ever on Feb 2, 2010 9:32 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

But, his BABiP of .371 shows he was exceptionally unlucky and his FIP of 5.11 was a full run lower than his ERA. He’s not great, but there’s enough potential there for him to beat out Brian Moehler.

by David Coleman on Feb 2, 2010 9:39 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Brian Moehler??

Dude, what is he, like 40 or something…c’mon..he needs to retire..(love you Brian, I’m just sayin) and BTW…his era last year was 5.47…and IMO, that’s not enough to put him in our rotation, either.

by titansfan4ever on Feb 2, 2010 10:28 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

ERA isn't all it's cracked up to be

You have to take into account that ERA is largely based on how well your team plays behind you. Outside of strikeouts, walks, and homeruns, pitchers rely almost completely on the defense behind them. If your defense is terrible, then you’re going to give up more hits on balls in play, causing more runs.

by Sarcastros on Feb 2, 2010 10:34 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

very true.

Paulino’s x-FIP is in the low 4’s, and that has been shown to be more predictive of future performance than ERA.

by clack on Feb 2, 2010 10:37 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

It’s not just the defense, either. ERA fluctuates wildly in smaller sample sizes; even if your defense is stellar, simple bad luck can easily result in a high ERA, particularly in sample sizes under 100 IP (Paulino pitched 97.2 IP in 2009).

If it were me? I’d hand Paulino a rotation spot and tell him he doesn’t have to worry about any changes until at least the trade deadline.

by OremLK on Feb 2, 2010 10:54 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

That’s not how you develop pitchers. As I stated in another post, look at Johan Santana’s ERA in his first ML season (6.49). So I suppose he wasn’t starting pitcher material?

by clack on Feb 2, 2010 10:36 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

He was but we (the FO) didn’t think so. Maybe its good that sort of thinking is beginning to change.

Miss-placed Houstonian living and going to school in the wilderness of Wyoming. Fresno St. 28 - Wyoming 35 (2 OT)!!! Hands down best game I have ever been to.

by BigNate7 on Feb 2, 2010 10:39 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

From what I read the FO had a choice to make between putting him and another prospect on the 40 man roster to protect them from the rule 5. Santana was left off and the other prospect didn’t pan out. Minnesota selected him and hid him in the bullpen and developed him further (I want to say they refined his change-up, but I have nothing to back that up).

The point being that yes the FO screwed up, but it’s not like he was a hot commodity and someone just forgot to put him on the 40-man roster. I also believe the farm system at that time had a lot more depth. There’s also no guarantee if he stayed in the system Santana develops into the Cy Young pitcher he is today.

by timmy_ on Feb 2, 2010 10:50 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Fair enough. But if I remember correctly this was also about the same time we left Abreu off the 40 man roster and he was selected by the phillies. Just think if the FO had rated both of them just a little higher…

Miss-placed Houstonian living and going to school in the wilderness of Wyoming. Fresno St. 28 - Wyoming 35 (2 OT)!!! Hands down best game I have ever been to.

by BigNate7 on Feb 2, 2010 10:58 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

…then maybe they would’ve both been included in the Randy Johnson deal.

by Sarcastros on Feb 2, 2010 11:00 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I get what you're saying about the era thing..

but, at the end of the day, after you look at all those stats & breakdowns & variables & intangibles & blah, blah, blah…what really matters is….can he get the job done, period!! All I’m sayin is that I did NOT see that last year from either Paulino or Moehler or Norris. Will they be MUCH improved this year? Who knows…I certainly hope so. But when I look at these teams that spend the $$ to go out & get proven “winners” and they are always in the playoffs…it makes me sad…that’s all I’m sayin.

by titansfan4ever on Feb 2, 2010 10:55 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

No team can succeed without developing young players. We have to develop these pitchers sometime, might as well do it in a down year.

by OremLK on Feb 2, 2010 10:56 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Keep in mind

That even the teams that spend a lot of money on free agents, they still (normally) have great farm systems. The Yankees and Red Sox come to mind as two franchises with great talent in their minor leagues. It’s not like they have any better draft positions than we do, and in a number of years, they’re technically worse. It’s how you use those draft picks and how you develop them once in the system.

by Sarcastros on Feb 2, 2010 10:59 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Norris got the job done when he was first called up, then his arm wore out and after missing a start he was able to come back and pitch a good game. Which I think will be the biggest key to Norris this year is a strict inning count and making sure he rests his arm plenty.

Miss-placed Houstonian living and going to school in the wilderness of Wyoming. Fresno St. 28 - Wyoming 35 (2 OT)!!! Hands down best game I have ever been to.

by BigNate7 on Feb 2, 2010 11:00 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

This is one advantage of having Brian Moehler on the team. In the first half of the year it may not be much of an issue issue, but down the stretch, it may be wise to allow Norris and Paulino (maybe even Oswalt) to skip starts here and there. Moehler can fill in for them adequately and let them rest their arms and recharge for a few extra days.

by OremLK on Feb 2, 2010 11:05 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Could be a potential role for a mid-season call up like Wesley Wright as well. Longer outings than a typical reliever, but possibly slowing down the stress on his arm considering the amount of innings he could be approaching if he’s successful in his conversion.

by Sarcastros on Feb 2, 2010 11:09 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I agree with you

Those were my thoughts and hopes as well.

Miss-placed Houstonian living and going to school in the wilderness of Wyoming. Fresno St. 28 - Wyoming 35 (2 OT)!!! Hands down best game I have ever been to.

by BigNate7 on Feb 2, 2010 11:23 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

That's exactly what we're saying

We’re saying that Paulino has what he needs to “get the job done.” The proof of this is in the “stats & breakdowns & variables & intangibles & blah blah blah….”

Paulino, based on sound statistical analysis, should provide tremendous value to the Astros as a starter. This is because his ERA was inflated by terrible luck; the kind of terrible luck that can’t be replicated. That’s what the blah blah blah tells us, and we’re, in turn, telling you.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Feb 2, 2010 2:57 PM CST via mobile up reply actions   0 recs

With that kind of FB velo

it’s amazing he hasn’t been better than he has been. Of course, this data really helps show why, but if Arnsberg can do what he’s known to do and get Paulino a better offspeed repertoire, Paulino is a true “diamond in the rough.”

by Sarcastros on Feb 1, 2010 1:03 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

Paulino has a little captain in him......

JD’s like, "you want some fucking pitching? Here’s all the pitching you can stand. Now choke on it, bitches!"- RCCook

by laxtonto on Feb 1, 2010 1:18 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

Fangraphs' run value show the change up and curveball as pretty good....

wFB -24.0 (That is what got his fastball ranked so highly in the fangraphs articles)
wCB -1.2
wCH -5.4
wSL 9.3

Those numbers would indicate that the curve and change up are good pitches and the slider is a problem. Just from visual observation, it always seemed to me that Paulino’s good games (like his first start vs. Reds) were ones in which he got lots of swings and misses on the off-speed pitches (either curve or change up).

I agree that one of Paulino’s issues is facing LHBs. I suspect that Dewey Robinson pushed Paulino to use the change up more against LHBs. That seemed to be something Robinson favored in general. Perhaps the change up isn’t really the answer against LHBs. I notice that 2 seam and 4 seam fastballs aren’t broken out. I wonder how much he throws the 2 seam FB, and I also wonder if that might be something to use more against LHBs.

by clack on Feb 1, 2010 7:06 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

I was under the impression that higher was better on FanGraphs’ pitch scores? Is that not the case?

by OremLK on Feb 1, 2010 8:35 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I was under the same impression

And looking at Wandy’s curveball, it’s a positive number:

http://www.fangraphs.com/statss.aspx?playerid=2586&position=P#pitchvalues

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Feb 1, 2010 10:59 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

You appear to be right…I may have been interpreting these pitch win values incorrectly all along. Since it is a linear weights measure of the pitch, I assumed negative numbers equate to run prevention (relative to average) and positive numbers equate to allowed runs (above average). I thought I read something to that effect when the wFB, etc., stats came out. But I went back to the pitch type linear weights explanation here, and this question is addressed in the comments section.

I don’t have time to go back and look at the Fangraphs’ articles on Paulino’s FB ranking….but off hand, I think those were rankings based on swing and miss.

by clack on Feb 2, 2010 6:30 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I don't have the time either

But I thought Paulino was on there because they expected his wFB/c, or whatever, to be better based other numbers when they regressed everything.

The Crawfishboxes
A good friend of mine used to say, "This is a very simple game. You throw the ball, you catch the ball, you hit the ball. Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose, sometimes it rains." Think about that for a while.

by Stephen Higdon on Feb 2, 2010 8:56 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I think one of articles was based on swing and miss percentages in and out of the K zone, and the manner in which they predict K rates. Paulino’s K rate should be higher…meaning that his FIP should be lower, etc.

by clack on Feb 2, 2010 10:39 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

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